Health Promotion Essay Example for Free

Health Promotion Essay Individual behavior and state of mind has been noted to have an impact on disease prevention and its associated death. These factors being put into consideration in health promotion puts a demand on the individual to make changes in many aspects of life. Nurses play important role in health promotion by intervening in actions that direct people towards developing resources to maintain or enhance their wellbeing. In this essay three recent publication of professional journal articles reviewed will be discussed as it relates to nursing practice and three level of health promotion. How the role of nurses changed regarding health promotion and the numerous ways nurses implement all aspects of nursing in health promotion. The three levels of health promotion will also be compared. Health Promotion Definition Health promotion is a new model in healthcare. O’Donnell defines it as â€Å"the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move towards a state of optimal health.†(Edelman Mandel, 2010, p. 14). Nevertheless, health promotion is mainly all about inhibition and living healthy life style that leads to lower rate of diseases and death. Health promotion is different methods of life style people adopt to maintain good health. These actions lead to good quality life that brings about well-being and improve the quality of life and not only absence of disease. Individuals attain good health by exercising, eating healthy, living stress free life to take charge of their life. The purpose of health promotion in nursing practice is to bring about change in people’s attitude and action to start healthy lifestyle that will sustain or enhance their wellbeing .This helps individuals reach goal towards optimum health. Nurses are in the fore front of this program with main role in health promotion and disease prevention . They engage in changing the healthcare system from old way of managing and curing illness to model of health promotion. The nursing role and responsibilities in health promotion is an active one because they function in all the areas encouraging and reinforcing the positive actions individuals demonstrate towards lifestyle changes. Nurses use evidence base practice, education, providing positive support to reach progress towards goal. In the literature reviewed the three level of health promotion were used to manage diabetes type two in Latino community with positive outcome. With education of the people progress was made towards achieving health promotion. These were done in the public, community level and personal level. The nursing roles and responsibilities evolving in health promotion, and implementing methods for health promotion that encompasses all areas of nursing. In health promotion nurses work together with other health care associates and the community displaying a variety of roles: Advocate by striving to ensure that everybody attain high-quality life style, suitable, and at low cost Case manager role involves gathering of reliable data to make sure there is no duplication of services. Consultant role in their areas of practice or advance practice stand. Primary prevention in type two Diabetic patients in literature review. The first measure includes immunization against disease and disability, good water supply, and safety. The next step is promotion of health by healthy life style ,eating healthy, exercising clean living environment and stress management. Primary prevention is taking initiative and advantage of available programs to detect and stop disease especially for those with risk factors, for example yearly medical exam and screening that will include blood work like fasting blood sugar and HgA1c.as was seen in the literature review. Through the screening and education of the people in this community type two diabetes was successful prevention. The interventions and practices include but are not limited to identification of those with the risk factors, weight reduction, blood works for fasting blood sugar and hga1c.These people were noted to have knowledge deficit on self-care. And with education the main tool used in primary level progress was made towards goal by the evidence in lifestyle modifications leading to significant weight loss and reduction in hemoglobin A1C.(Surucu Turkey, 2011) Secondary prevention in type two diabetic patient literature reviews. In secondary prevention diseases are found in its earliest stages, before it becomes symptomatic. Identification and diagnosing the disease early leads to positive outcome in the healing process, its progression are slowed down prevented and complications, are controlled bringing disability to minimum. This literature review was community based. Learning sensitivity tests, ethnically designed life style for weight reduction and diabetes risk reduction within low-income group were carried out in Spanish-speaking Latinos high risk diabetics. They were erratically allocated to lifestyle intervention care (IC) or usual care. They also examined the success of life style intervention conducted in lower cost lower intensity format to high risk populace. It was found compared with the usual care the IC care had a modest but significant weight reduction and medically meaningful decrease in hemoglobin A1C, insulin resistance and greater reductions in percentage of calories from total and saturated fat. They developed an inexpensive culturally sensitivity diabetes (Ockene et al, 2012) prevention program that resulted in weight loss, improved HbA1c and improved insulin resistance in high risk Latino populace.(American Journal of Public Health 2012) Tertiary prevention in type two diabetic patient literature reviews. If prevention and secondary prevention fails to improve the patient’s health, tertiary prevention will be the next option to combat the ailment. Tertiary prevention program is mainly maintenance of quality of life in individuals affected with some diseases. Complications and disabilities severity reduced with advancement of disease stopped. Therapy is done to restore function. It was conducted by health care professionals and physical therapists. This stage includes follow-up and reviewing of all prescribed medications with reinforcement of its compliance, dietary and lifestyle modifications by community health nurses. In this literature review, the physical therapy was for gait training and stability to improve standing balance control in neuropathic patients with type two diabetes.(2011(Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 2011). In conclusion nurses are the main people that direct health promotion but the success depends on how individuals, families, communities take charge of their health by practicing all the mentioned life style modifications. References . Last name, first initial (2011, December 7th).Title of the article. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development (JRRD). 48(issue) pgs. Edelman, C. L., Mandel, C. L. (2010). Health Promotion Throughout Life Span (seventh edition ed.). Location: Pulisher Ockene et al, I. (2012). Research and Practice Peer Review. American Journal of Public Health, 102.(2) pg. Surucu, H. A., Turkey, S. K. (2011). Selfcare Deficit Nursing theory in the Self-management with type two diabetes. , Journal title, Volume #, (Issue Number) pgs. Comments: Chigo, you did a great job defining and discussing the definition of health promotion and the purpose of nursing in health promotion. This was excellent. You also looked at the roles of nursing in health promotion. Including how these roles are evolving was a needed element. You reviewed a few implementation methods, but this discussion was needed additional details outlining how this encompasses all areas of nursing and utilizing the reviewed articles to support ideas presented. You compared the 3 levels of prevention and reviewed 3 articles related to each level. There were multiple grammatical errors and some of the paragraphs and organization was confusing. Make sure to proof-read the paper. There were several APA errors, missing references, and missing elements for the references listed. Please refer to the APA style guide to help with these issues. Again, you did a great job discussing the definition and purpose of nursing in health promotion. Melanie

Stephen Hawking Essay -- essays research papers

Stephen W. Hawking Stephen W. Hawking has a mind set that is beyond today's general way thinking. His attempts to identify a grand unification theory that unites everything we know about the physical world and science far exceeds any realm of thinking that has ever graced this earth. Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. He spent most of his childhood in and around London, and was always a bit of a self-educator. He was interested in the stars, and his family used to lie out on the grass looking at the stars. His writing was appalling, and he was one of the only people at school to be issued with a copybook. He was never really good with his hands, and gave the impression of nervousness, being lanky and awkward in movement. Stephen Hawking wanted to study mathematics and physics in a university, but his father believed that there would not be any jobs in mathematics and thus Hawking took physics and chemistry, and only a bit of math. Another reason he didn't do mathematics is because when he attended University College, Oxford in 1959 they didn't do mathematics. Hawking's peers didn't really realize how intelligent he was until his second year of University. They were assigned 13 honors questions in the area of Electricity and Magnetism, and while it took his friends Derek, Gordon and Richard a week to do 2 1/2 of them, Hawking did the first 10 in 3 hours. "Because he didn't have time to finish the rest" was his reason for not completing all 13. He was a coxswain in the Boat Club, and was of course a member of the Boyle Society . At one point during his time at the University, when Hawking fell down a flight of stairs, he totally f! orgot who he was for a few minutes, but eventually he remembered who he was, where he was, and what he did last week, last month, and last year. It took 2 hours for him to remember actually falling down the stairs. Shortly after this he took a Mensa test to see if he was still bright or not and got 200 or 250: so there was no permanent damage. In his 3rd year he began to notice that his hands were less useful than before. Hawking graduated from Oxford in 1962, at the age of 20, and took a trip to Persia with a friend. During the visit he got sick and after having tests shortly after returning and going up to Cambridge to do Graduate work, he was diagnosed with Amytropic lateral sclerosis also ... ...t. A Brief History of Time was meant to explain the basic ideas of laws that govern the universe. Hawking said that "Equations are necessary if you are doing accountancy, but they are the boring part of Mathematics. Most of the interesting ideas can be conveyed by words or pictures". The book was published on April Fool's Day, 1988--6 years after he started writing it. Since then it has been translated into 30 languages, and has sold about 5.5 million copies. A film has also been made, as well as A Brief History of Time: A Readers Companion . Hawking is also a Fellow of the Royal Society. He attended the induction of Prince Charles into the Royal Society a year or two after his own induction, at which time he ran over Prince Charles' toe with his wheelchair! Hawking believes that he is no different than anyone else. He believes that science is for everybody, not just a few scientists. If ever there is a complete theory of the universe, he believes that it should be understandable by everyone and discussed by everyone. "If we find the answer to that, it would be the ultimate triumph of human reason - for then we would know the mind of God." -Stephen Hawking.

South Africa Gdp Compared to Brazil’s

Personal quote: Through economics, engineer the world†¦ ECONOMICS 232 BRAZIL- SA REPORT Introduction In 2010, South Africa joined The BRIC and set its level of ambition not only as an African leader, but also as an emerging world class economy along Russia, China, India and Brazil. This report will analyze and look at the economic trends and fluctuations between the later and South Africa from the year 2000 to 2010 using released World Bank data. AnalysisAccording to the World Bank, South Africa GDP was of about one hundred and thirty two billion in 2000 while Brazil’s was at six hundred and forty four billion Dollars. Over the following decade 2000 – 2010, the two economies registered a considerable and equal improvement of their total production with a respective increase of 41 % for South Africa and 42% in the case of Brazil. The GDP per capita on the other hand increased at a lower rate over the same period. While South Africa leveled up by 22. 4%, Brazil bette red its GPD per capita by 25 . %. This further entails a GDP yearly increase of $ 1095 /capita with regards to the former, and $1409/capita for the later. A better look at aggregate expenditure components will provide more detailed resources in explaining the above increase of GDP within the two economies. In 2000, South Africa and Brazil consumption by households ( C ) was about 63% and 64% of GDP, largely above the rest of the components where total gross capital formation ( I ) lied low with 16% and 18% respectively, and lastly a total government expenditure ( G ) of 18 and 19%.As it appears, the two economies spent relatively equivalent proportions of their expenditure aggregate component on GDP. At the end of the decade,2010, total consumption ( C ) rose by 49 % for both economies, Investment ( I ) strongly incremented by 93% with regards to South Africa and 52% in the case of Brazil which correlated with a respective increase of 3. 17% and 45% increase in the money supply in b oth countries over the period.Parallel to the increase in GDP, the two economies registered noticeable increases of Gross Value Added ( VGA ). In fact, between 2000 and 2010, South Africa VGA increased by 38% while Brazil as usual experienced a little higher accretion of 41 %. Looking at sectorial contribution, tertiary sector imparted for more than half of total VGA in 2000 as illustrated by the graphs below. 1. 1 South Africa World Bank 2000 data analysis : Sectorial Contribution to VGA . 2 Brazil World Bank 2000 data analysis : Sectorial contribution to VGA In 2010, South Africa tertiary contribution to VGA only increased marginally by 3% and hence moved from 65% in 2000 to 68% in 2010 where it leveled up to Brazil’s. Conversely, primary and secondary sector contribution deteriorated between 2000 and 2010 . The South African primary sector declined from 3% to 2% while the secondary also experienced a marginal decline of 3%.On that point, Brazil went through proportional ch anges with secondary sector falling from 28% to 25%, leaving the primary with a small yet surprising amelioration of its contribution from 5. 60% to 5. 86% . Graph 2. 1 and 2. 2 provide a more visual depiction of the above facts. 2. 1 South Africa World Bank 2010 data analysis : Sectorial contribution to VGA 2. 2. Brazil World Bank 2010 data analysis : Sectorial contribution to VGA Besides the above increase in VGA, another important factor to be onsidered is how the level of openness of both countries drastically evolved over the decade 2000 -2010. South Africa exports incremented by 13% while Brazil’s skyrocketed by 86%. This implies that Brazil opened to the rest of the world at a much higher level, local firms growing into world competitors, which not only appreciated the country’s currency but increased its competiveness and decreased dependency on imported products. South Africa imports increased by 73% in contrast to Brazil which only increased by 21%.This high level of imports from South Africa will eventually result in the deterioration of the balance of payment. Moreover, while Brazil rate of unemployment oscillated between 6 and 9% over the decade, South Africa experienced a rather high rate of unemployment, the lowest in 2007 and 2008 with an average rate of 23% and the highest between 2002 and 2003 with an average of 31%. Conclusion This report deciphered and revealed an objective analysis of two BRICS economies, precisely South Africa and Brazil over ten years, 2000-2010. Erouane Langard 747 Words

Ferguson Police Officer Essay

Why has the shooting of eighteen year old Michael Brown affected my community? Some say it was a race issue others say it was police brutality. Racism being a very sensitive matter in the community that I live in, all though I do not live in Ferguson City, it is only a twenty minute drive from my front door. It has effected where I live as it brings up civil rights, police use of unlawful and deadly force, and racism issues. The shooting of this young man has rocked our communities, and it is more than likely to get worse before getting better. How can we stop events like this from happening in our communities? The civil rights of several us citizens had been violated in the following ways. We as a people have the right to peaceful protest, freedom of speech, not be profiled, and not be unlawfully detained or restrained. One afternoon in Ferguson Missouri all of these rights got broken and started a horrible civil rights protest. Several Ferguson by police officers and other local  law officials have been accused in recent lawsuits by citizen about civil rights violations. Some of these allegations include killing a mentally ill man with a Taser, hitting a child with a pistol. Choking and hog tying a child. Beating a man and charging him with property damage because his blood splatter on the officer’s clothes. A Mother (Tracey White) and her son was arrested for practicing her rights to freedom of speech while waiting for a ride home after peacefully protesting. When is it alright for an officer to use deadly force? Use of deadly force is acceptable if the suspect is a threat to the officer or the general public safety. The Ferguson police reported that Mr. Brown got fired on during a struggle with the officer. Dorian Johnson, the friend that was with Michael. Stated that the officer opened fire when the young men refused to move from the middle of the street. Police and protestors both agree that Mr. Brown was unarmed. Now with both parties agreeing that the young Mr. Brown had no weapon there was no threat that requires the use of deadly force. â€Å"In the quest to understand the racial dynamics of police brutality, we are well overdue for a new visual beyond Rodney King getting,† (Shedd, Jan). Ferguson police officer Darren Wilson (officer that fired the shots that killed Michael Brown) told authorities Brown reached for the gun during a struggle. Officer Wilson’s account of the instance did not explain why he shot at Michael multiple times after emerging from his vehicle. Which now brings me to the racism side of the situation. If this was not race oriented. Then why this unarmed young black male was shot six times two of which were in the head. His body was allowed to lie in the center of Canfield Drive for over four hours. These have caused many different events to expire, and there has been looting of business like the market, tire and rim shop, and the salon. Businesses to be burned to the ground like the quick-trip after it got looted. The peaceful protest went on for the first week ended with a standoff between protesters and police. The police formed a line and engaged the protestors with tear gas. After long nights of back and forth daybreak would arrive, and things would mellow out slightly. First days of school in Ferguson had been postponed due to the facility did not feel it was safe to have children in the schools the first couple day.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Racism is manifested or reflected in a multiplicity of ways, including: the teaching of basically Eurocentric curriculum; the paucity of research and courses on racism; the absence of an anti-racist pedagogy; incident of racial harassment and overt racism; the lack of resources allocated to implement effectively and anti-racism policies and practices; the power relations between white majority and minority faculty and staff; the polarization between white students and students of color, and the resistance to social change processes designed to eliminate racism. Despite the fact that racism is a pervasive and systemic force† (Frances & Tator, 1999). Two and a half months have gone by since Michael Brown was gunned down in the streets of Ferguson Missouri by police officer Darren Wilson. The social and political movements that were started by young Michael browns death are still raging on. People from Ferguson and from across the nation came together for a â€Å"weekend of resistance†. Those who attended took part in marches, rallies, and demonstration for several days. All leading up to a massive rally on Saturday October, 12 2014. There were reports of over Three thousand people in attendance for the march on Saturday being called â€Å"justice for all.† It was a diverse crowd of supporters in the streets of St. Louis Missouri. Protestors are demanding justice for Brown and other black men who have been slain by police officers. A lot of the protests have intensified because of the way that the police have responded. The events that have occurred could have been avoided. We as citizens need to understand that these kinds of issues happen everywhere. Issues of this sort do not just appear out of thin air. If we were more involved in our communities and the voting of our government officials, we would be heard sooner. Members of our society need to stand up for our rights, communities elect strong leaders ones that listen not just hear our options and make changes in our towns and cities. Together as one we can be heard and put a stop to all the violence and police brutalities. Participation will help us all as United States citizens win our civil rights back. References Frances, H., & Tator, C. (1999). Racism and the university. _Canadian Ethnic Studies, 26.3_(74), 1. Shedd, C. (January 2010). Race and Police Brutality: Roots of an Urban Dilemma. _Contemporary sociology, 43_(39.1), 1.

What’s in store for nurses in 2018

What’s in store for nurses in 2018 The start of 2018 also means a new year for nurses! If you’re a nurse, you may be wondering what’s in store for you in the coming year- both individually and for the field of nursing in general. Although nursing is a very broad field- nurses are employed in a wide variety of settings (including doctors’ offices, hospitals, schools, outpatient clinics, nursing care facilities, military bases, and home healthcare services), and their responsibilities can vary widely (based on their education, experience level, and licensure)- there are some general workplace and industry trends that we can look at to determine what kind of year nurses can expect in 2018.Industry forecastAccording to the Occupational Outlook Handbook  developed by the United States Department of Labor, the broad job outlook for nurses looking ahead is a good one- employment for nurses is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations over the next decade. A variety of factors are inv olved in this projected growth, including a growing senior citizen demographic (who will increasingly rely on healthcare services in their older years), an increased public emphasis on preventive care, and a growing rate of chronic conditions (including obesity and diabetes) that will lead to a wide array of healthcare needs. That said, if you’re a nurse- or thinking of becoming a nurse- and are wondering if it’s an industry with an abundance of opportunities or is experiencing over-saturation, rest assured you should not have trouble finding employment if you possess the requisite training, education, experience, and skill set.If you’re wondering which industries will have the highest levels of employment for nurses over the coming years, you can count on medical and surgical hospitals, doctors’ offices, home healthcare service agencies, nursing care facilities, outpatient care centers, and psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals and centers being at t he top of the list. An increasing number of nurses are being employed outside of hospitals, a trend that is expected to continue in 2018. Home-based healthcare is a growing business, and expect to see greater job opportunities for nurses who are willing to travel regularly.Are you curious about the regions and states that will likely have the highest levels of employment opportunities? Expect the highest concentration and need for nurses in the easternmost and westernmost portions of the country, with varying levels of employment in the central states of America. States that you can count on for typically having the highest levels of employment for nurses include California, Texas, New York, Florida, and Pennsylvania. Are you hunting for a bigger paycheck this year? Top paying states, on average, include California, Massachusetts, Hawaii, Oregon, and Alaska.Industry trendsIf you’re curious about the big industry trends that are likely to affect the field of nursing in 2018, T ravelNurse Source  and Licensed Practical Nurse  recently published articles that included their top predictions for the coming year. Expect the following key predictions to have an impact on the field of nursing.Nursing shortageAs hinted at earlier, there is expected to be a shortage of nurses across all disciplines in 2018. The need for experienced and qualified nurses will only continue to grow as the population in general gets older and the levels of chronic illness grows. Furthermore, the average age of nurses is currently over 50, so the number of professionals retiring- and the need for new nurses- will continue to grow over the year and into the future.What does this shortage mean for you as a nurse? Plenty! If you’re a qualified professional this puts you in the â€Å"driver’s seat†- allowing you greater leverage and options for choosing a position and having a prospective employer meet your demands for employment.Rise in technologyWe’re all aware of how recent advances in modern technology have changed nearly every aspect of society, and this includes the field of nursing. Technology will play an increasing role in how nurses perform their daily responsibilities, so expect new tools, simulators, high-tech devices, and other pieces of healthcare technology to be used on the job. Even basic record keeping has gone digital and mobile- today, healthcare professionals can access patient records at the point of contact, instead of having to go back and forth to a dedicated nursing station.Telemedicine has been a big industry buzzword in recent years, and expect it to continue and grow in 2018. Advances in technology have made remote healthcare (often taking advantage of video technology) accessible and affordable, and   it is an increasingly growing field in nursing. Those who get comfortable and experienced in telemedicine will be able to leverage the additional employment opportunities and flexibility it can provide.What does this mean if you’re a nurse or are thinking of becoming one? The bottom line is that the need for tech-savvy nurses will be a big trend in 2018 and beyond, and those industry professionals who possess the skills and mindset to learn how to master new equipment and technology will be especially valuable in the industry.More male nursesThe last several years has seen a sharp increase in the number of men entering the nursing profession, and 2018 will be no exception- expect to see increasing numbers of male nurses across all disciplines. If you’re a male and are thinking of pursuing a career as a nurse, there’s no better time than the present to do so.The future of healthcare landscapePotential changes to state and national healthcare laws, and what will happen to healthcare in general if the Affordable Healthcare Act gets repealed (and what system would potentially replace it) could have a big potential impact on the field of nursing in 2018. We are current ly in â€Å"wait and see† mode regarding this issue, and only time will tell how this fully plays out and how it will effect healthcare professionals in 2018 and beyond.There you have it- some of the key predictions and trends for nursing for 2018. If you’re a nurse or are thinking of becoming one, use the information provided here to set yourself up for career success in 2018 and beyond.

service industry

How long would you last in the retail/service industry So you remember that time you were standing in line waiting for the cashier to cash the person out in front  of you wondering why is it taking so long. Or waiting for your waiter to come back to your  table but takes forever to come.  We have all been there. But we have no idea what it is like to be on the opposite side. People who work in retail/service industry have it tough. They deal with rude customers all day and 95% of the time they are standing for over 6+ hours. But being customers we don’t consider their hectic day. It’s time to put you to the test to see how long you would last in the retail/service industry.  Source [ Playbuzz ]

MARKETING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

MARKETING - Assignment Example As a nutritional product, it is quite likely that the product will be influenced by various macro-economic features, such as demographic, cultural, economic, political, natural and technological environment of the economy. With this concern, the recent market trends can be identified as significant for the growth of a nutrition product such as â€Å"GoodHealth† and shall be considered in the process of developing a strategic marketing plan to specify the target market with a set of marketing objectives for the organisation. 2. Target Market The current market trends in Australia are identified to be quite supportive for the growth of nutritional products. Consumer persuasion towards the consumption of healthier food products such as cereals and fat modified milk is observed to be at a growth phase in the current market scenario of Australian food industry (Cleanthous & Thuraisingam, 2010). The product, â€Å"GoodHealth† is also based on these two main ingredients, i.e. milk and cereal containing low fat and nutritional particles with due consideration to the tastes and preferences of the potential customers. With these virtues, the target market of the product will be determined in the following discussion in light of few significant segmentation variables, i.e. demographics, geographic, current purchasing situation of the potential customers in the region, purchase ready factor of the product and the local environmental influencing factors. a. Demographics Researches have revealed that two particular age-groups of customers, i.e. children and adolescents included in the age group of 2-15 years and the adults aged above 65 years are recorded to consume larger amounts of cereal based food products in comparison to the age group of 16-64 years olds (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008). This can be apparently identified from the diagram represented below: Fig. 1: Age Distribution of the Consumption of Cereal Based Products in Australia Source: (Au stralian Bureau of Statistics, 2008). However, in the current market scenario, the trend to consume cereal based products is also at a rise among the age group of 16–40 years. It is worth mentioning that the population of Australia majorly comprises of two age groups, i.e. 16-64 years and 0-15 years (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2010). Therefore, concentrating on the age group of children and adolescents included in the age group of 5-20 years and above 45 years shall provide with better growth opportunities to the product in future. b. Geographic Considering the age distribution in terms of population in Australia, the targeted geographic regions can be recognised as Western Australia, Australian Capital Territory and South Australia. Western Australia and Australian Capital Territory can be identified as the geographic regions of the economy to grow with immense rapidity in terms of population (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2010) while, South Australia provides with a competitive benefit of larger consumption of cereal based products in comparison to other regions. However, the market structure of South Australia is termed to be highly competitive that shall create a constraint to the growth of the â€Å"GoodHealth† (Williamson, 2011). Evaluating these regions in terms of availability of raw materials and distribution facilities, Australian Capital Territory and South Australia can be termed as suitable locations for the launch of